關于如何確定石英晶振中峰與峰之間的抖動
來源：http://www.benpai.com.cn 作者：金洛鑫電子 2024年01月05
Regarding how to determine peak-to-peak jitter,Cardinal Crystal Oscillator has been determined to accurately measure crystal oscillator jitter, below 1 picosecond at OR, which is currently the only method that can be used to measure 6G crystal oscillator phase noise and calculate RMS jitter. Please see our application note "Crystal Oscillators for Low jitter Applications" for a full explanation. To measure the phase noise of a crystal oscillator, we use a dual-source method. This results in a sideband measurement of the phase within a single 1Hz bandwidth within a specific offset frequency range. The single sideband phase noise results in integration over a specified frequency band, typically 10Hz to 1MHz or 12kHz to 20MHz, depending on the application. SONET requires a bandwidth of 12kHz to 20MHz. This frequency domain integrates phase noise (in dBc/Hz) which is then converted into time, and RMS jitter (in picoseconds).
關于如何確定石英晶振中峰與峰之間的抖動,Cardinal晶振已確定精確測量晶體振蕩器的抖動，在OR處低于1皮秒，這是目前唯一的方法,可用于測量6G晶振相位噪聲并計算有效值抖動。請參閱我們的應用說明“晶體振蕩器用于低抖動應用“的完整解釋。測量晶體振蕩器的相位噪聲，我們使用雙源方法。這導致單個1Hz帶寬內相位的邊帶測量在特定偏移頻率范圍內。單邊帶相位噪聲結果為在指定的頻率帶上積分，通常為10Hz至1MHz或12kHz至20MHz，具體取決于應用程序。SONET要求帶寬為12kHz至20MHz。此頻域集成相位噪聲（以dBc/Hz為單位）然后轉換為時間,RMS抖動（以皮秒為單位）。
In non-PLL oscillators with Cardinal crystal oscillators, the RMS jitter has a random Gaussian distribution because no phase-locked loop is used. This result is non-Gaussian in the absence of discrete spurious and multimodal distributions. Thus, there is little or no deterministic jitter power when powered by low noise. When the jitter has a Gaussian response, the RMS jitter is a standard deviation or a sigma value
在Cardinal晶振的非PLL振蕩器中，RMS抖動具有隨機高斯分布，因為沒有使用鎖相環路。這個結果在缺乏離散雜散和多模態的情況下非高斯分布。因此，很少或沒有由低噪聲供電時的確定性抖動電源。當抖動具有高斯時響應，RMS抖動是標準差或一個西格瑪值。
The crystal oscillator used in the basic assembly has a very high Q value. Load the Q's oscillator resonator loop from 10,000 to more than 100,000. When the oscillator stage generates a signal, the frequency can reside in the oscillation bandwidth. However, for high-Q resonators with narrow oscillator bandwidths, oscillators can produce very low jitter.
基本組件中使用的石英晶體振蕩器具有非常高的Q值。加載的Q的振蕩器諧振器環路在10，000到超過100，000。當振蕩器級產生信號，頻率可以駐留在振蕩帶寬。但是，對于高Q諧振器實現窄振蕩帶寬、振蕩器可以制造出非常低的抖動。
A Gauss distributed component oscillator with radix jitter, the mean of the period is located in the center of the Gaussian curve. The standard deviation (1 sigma) is defined as containing 68.26% of the total oscillations that occur. This window is placed on one side of the mean. The 1 sigma (standard deviation) value is the oscillator output signal. As the standard number deviates from the mean increases, the probability oscillator produces a significantly reduced signal with this period deviation. At 14.069 sigma, the probability is 1:112. Fibre Channel specifications require 14 sigma reliability.
基數抖動的高斯分布組件振蕩器，周期的平均值位于高斯曲線的中心。標準偏差（1西格瑪）定義為包含發生的總振蕩的68.26%。這窗口放置在均值的一側。1西格瑪（標準偏差）值是振蕩器輸出信號。作為標準的數量偏離均值增加，幾率振蕩器產生該周期偏差的信號大大減少。在14.069西格瑪時，概率為1：1012.光纖通道規格要求14西格瑪可靠性。
Determining peak-to-peak (Pk to Pk) values depends on the reliability required. The higher the reliability, the greater the Pk to Pk value, even if the probability of occurrence is with a higher Sigma value. At 14 sigma, the probability is close to 1:1012. This is considered the Pk to Pk jitter of the standard RMS jitter value that we use to determine. If the component oscillator has 2 picosecond RMS jitter, the Pk to Pk jitter is 28 picoseconds.
Cardinal晶振確定峰到峰（Pk到Pk）值取決于關于所需的可靠性。可靠性越高,Pk到Pk值越大，即使發生概率隨著更高的西格瑪值。在14西格瑪時，概率接近1：1012.這被認為是我們用來確定的標準RMS抖動值的Pk到Pk抖動。如果組件振蕩器具有2皮秒RMS抖動，Pk到Pk抖動為28皮秒。
| 制造商零件編號 | 制造商 | 系列 | 頻率 | 頻率穩定性 | 頻率容差 | 負載電容 |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-12.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 12 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-14.7456D20 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 14.7456 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 20pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-5.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 5 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-40-14.7456D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 14.7456 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A2B2C3-40-30.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 30 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-60-6.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 6 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CX325Z-A5B2C5-50-20.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX325 | 20 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-10.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 10 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-29.49152D18-F | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 29.49152 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-15.360D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 15.36 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.257D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 16.257 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-40-11.0592D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 11.0592 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-18.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 18 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-120-6.144D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 6.144 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-13.5D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 13.5 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-14.31818D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 14.31818 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-22.1184D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 22.1184 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-150-4.9152D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 4.915 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-150-3.6864D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 3.6864 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-7.3728D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 7.3728 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-25.175D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 25.175 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-28.63636D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 28.63636 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-60-9.216D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 9.216 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-120-6.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 6 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-26.0D18-F | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 26 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-24.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 24 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-10.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 10 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-40-12.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 12 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1-A1B2C3-50-20.0D16 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 20 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 16pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-100-6.144D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 6.144 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A1B2C3-90-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 8 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-12.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 12 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-180-4.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 4 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-60-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 8 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C3-60-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 8 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-60-24.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 24 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A5B2C5-50-20.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 20 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-60-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 8 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM4Z-A2B3C3-40-25.0D18-F | Cardinal晶振 | CSM4 | 25 MHz | ±30ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A5B2C5-40-24.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 24 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A1B2C5-40-24.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 24 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A5B2C5-50-16.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 16 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A5B2C5-40-27.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 27 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A0B2C5-50-16.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 16 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A2B2C5-40-10.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 10 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-1966080D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 19.6608 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-33.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 33 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A5B3C5-70-27.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 27 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532AZ-A5B2C5-70-25.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 25 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-27.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 27 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-30.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 30 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CPFBZ-A2C4-32.768KD6 | Cardinal晶振 | CPFB | 32.768 kHz | - | ±10ppm | 6pF |
| CPFBZ-A2C5-32.768KD12.5 | Cardinal晶振 | CPFB | 32.768 kHz | - | ±20ppm | 12.5pF |
| CPFBZ-A2C4-32.768KD12.5 | Cardinal晶振 | CPFB | 32.768 kHz | - | ±10ppm | 12.5pF |
| CPFBZ-A2C5-32.768KD6 | Cardinal晶振 | CPFB | 32.768 kHz | - | ±20ppm | 6pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 8 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-16.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 16 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX532Z-A2B3C5-70-12.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX532 | 12 MHz | ±30ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-ARB2C5-70-7.3728D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 7.3728 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CX5Z-A2B2C5-70-8.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CX5 | 8 MHz | ±50ppm | ±20ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-70-14.7456D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 14.7456 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.000312D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 16.000312 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-16.0D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 16 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-50-17.734475D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 17.734475 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1Z-A0B2C3-80-11.0592D18 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 11.0592 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 18pF |
| CSM1-A1B2C3-70-14.7456D20 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 14.7456 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 20pF |
| CSM1Z-A1B2C3-200-3.6864D20 | Cardinal晶振 | CSM1 | 3.6864 MHz | ±50ppm | ±30ppm | 20pF |
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